Since May is National Stroke Awareness Month, we’re spreading the word about strokes. Last week we talked about the need to Act F.A.S.T. when you suspect someone’s having a stroke, but how do you know if you or someone you love is at risk for a stroke in the first place. There are several risk factors for stroke, some that you can’t control, and some that you can. Either way, it’s important to know what your risk level is and to do what you can to minimize it.
Factors You Can’t Control
- Your age – The older you get, the greater your risk of having a stroke. After age 55, your risk for stroke doubles every 10 years.
- Your gender – Men are more likely to have a stroke, but that doesn’t leave women off the hook. If a woman does have a stroke, she’s more likely to die from it.
- Your race – African Americans are twice as likely as Caucasians to have a stroke, and Hispanics, Asians and Pacific Islanders also have a greater risk than Caucasians.
- Your family history – If someone in your family has had a stroke, your risk of stroke also increases.
- Your own history – If you have had a stroke or ministroke in the past, your chances of having another stroke within 5 years increases by up to 40%.
While you can’t change these risk factors, it’s important to talk to your doctor about other ways you can reduce your risk of having a stroke.
Factors You Can Control
- High Blood Pressure – The higher your blood pressure, the greater your risk of stroke. Make sure to have your blood pressure checked regularly and, if it is high, speak with your doctor about getting treatment.
- Atrial Fibrillation (AF) – If your heart beats irregularly, you’re at higher risk of getting a stroke. If you have a history of AF, or if you believe you may be having AF but have not yet been diagnosed, speak with your doctor about your concerns and discuss treatment options.
- High Cholesterol – If your combined cholesterol levels are greater than 200 mg/dL, your stroke risk is increased. Find out how you can reduce your cholesterol to a healthy level.
- Diabetes - If you have diabetes, you have a 2 to 4 times greater chance of having a stroke. To decrease your risk, work with your doctor to manage your blood sugar with diet, exercise and medication if necessary.
- Smoking - If you’re a smoker, your risk of having a stroke is twice that of a non-smoker. Do what you can to quit and you’ll reduce your risk greatly.
- Drinking alcohol – Less than two drinks per day seems safe, but if you drink more than 2 drinks per day, your stroke risk may be increased by as much as 50%.
- Obesity - Being overweight makes you more likely to have many of the risk factors mentioned above, which may increase your risk for stroke. Losing weight, along with improving any of the other risk factors, can reduce your stroke risk.
For more information about stroke and stroke risk factors, visit the National Stroke Association and use their Stroke Risk Scorecard to determine your risk level. Recognizing your risk brings you one step closer to preventing a stroke in the future. Know your risk.
"Eat well. Live well. Be well."